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The technology provides “a programmable interface into biology,” Yao says. Yao has a background in AI and was intrigued by the method's pattern-recognition approach, which he compared with facial-recognition techniques. Wang is now collaborating with Sherwood Yao, CEO of Atom Bioworks in North Carolina, to expand the same principle to other viruses such as Zika and influenza-and beyond, to bacteria and perhaps even cancer cells. Simpler viruses would require simpler designs. It should work before symptoms appear, and the DNA nanostructures are nontoxic and friendly to human tissue, the researchers say.ĭengue's surface pattern is complex, Wang adds, so DNA nanostructures must be molded into complicated geometric shapes to match.

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In their Nature Chemistry paper, published in January, the researchers compare their technology with current clinical tests and make a case for its superior sensitivity and accuracy. DEWALT designs and optimizes professional workhorse solutions tools, accessories and service to ensure confidence for the toughest jobsite conditions. “Our technology is very simple we need only one to two minutes, and the cost is only 50 cents for each test,” Wang says. 12 January 2020Ĭurrent gold-standard dengue tests require sophisticated laboratory set-ups and training. “Compared with current techniques, this DNA probe exhibits exciting sensitivity and simplicity.”Ĭredit: Tami Tolpa Source: “Designer DNA Architecture Offers Precise and Multivalent Spatial Pattern-Recognition for Viral Sensing and Inhibition,” by Paul S. “This is a great example of how DNA nanotechnology can solve real biological problems,” says Mingxu You, who leads a nucleic acid chemistry research group at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and was not involved in the study. Once binding occurs, the star fluoresces, or lights up, signaling the presence of the virus. The multiple attachment points make the binding strong and very precise, the researchers say: the DNA star targets only viruses with that particular pattern. The tips and vertices of this five-pointed “DNA star” align with the antigens and carry molecules that they glom on to. Scientists led by Xing Wang, a biochemist at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, constructed a flexible scaffold using DNA nanotechnology to mirror the proteins' arrangement on a hemisphere of the viral surface. The spherical surface of the dengue virus is peppered with antigens, special proteins the virus uses to attach to the cells it infects. There is no widely accepted vaccine or targeted treatment for dengue, so accurate early detection is crucial. In its severe forms, it can cause internal bleeding and is sometimes fatal. The star-shaped structure is engineered to single out the virus in the bloodstream and latch on to it with precision, providing a powerful yet simple test to detect the mosquito-transmitted disease.ĭengue is the world's fastest-growing vector-borne disease, with multiple serious outbreaks in 2019. Scientists have crafted a trap for the dengue virus using a scaffold made from fragments of DNA.